Adoption of E-books Essay

The evolution of technology has already paved a way for various developments in terms of how people acquire information. Since computers and the internet have been very indispensable in fulfilling the needs of people for knowledge, modification aspects of lifestyle are becoming more and more common. Today, almost all commodities, processes and activities can be integrated into an electronic counterpart. One very good example is the introduction of e-books or electronic books. The adoption of e-books to make it commercially available just like selling bound paper materials has been very successful in terms of accessibility for the public. However, as what comes with every development, some concerns and issues abound. As a whole, the sudden transformation of publications into an electronic media can somehow overshadow the main benefits in the fabrication of such commodities. The publishing entities and elements are the core division which can easily fall into the problems of e-book industry. Apparently, there are specific issues which readily abound even before starting a specific process of launching a publication. The obstacles to e-Book publishing can be broken down into resistance to change, font issues, lack of a standard format, digital rights management, reproduction of graphics, and reader hardware. †(Stork, 1997). For the consumers, it can be very obvious that accessibility will be the primary advantage in acquiring publications. Since almost all households right now have computers and internet connection, it would be much easier to receive a copy of publications without going to a secondary retailer just to buy one. However, some implications may still be experienced. For one, users may not fully be able to utilize how electronic books work. There will always be market segments which are not really familiar with computer features which can make it impossible for them to use. Next, some end users may not be accustomed to reading publications on computer terminals or handheld screens, causing possible physical strains since it would be very possible that their previous reading experiences are accustomed to reading printed paper materials. Moreover, it can be more time consuming for an individual to set up the equipment first and opening the e-book file rather than flipping the pages of a conventional book. In terms of platform and distribution, the technical aspects of this parameter are to be blamed regarding e-book adoption. Since the format is electronic, there can always be a threat of unintentional or even intentional legality problems in terms of copyright. The internet is full of elements which have the capability to easily retrieve information with very little force. Moreover, these elements, which of course are individuals with unacceptable intentions, have all the advantages in committing electronic crimes. Hacking and plagiarism are just some of the things they can do to electronic versions of publications. Aside from the issues in platform security, the process of distribution of e-books poses another significant problem. Since there will be no physical item which are at stake, consumers may not be able to take hold of what they have purchased unless they have printed a copy. Computers and electronic media are intangible. One small system error could wipe out an entire electronic file. On the other hand, online company publishers may not be able to acquire the optimum profit share in selling e-books since computer users are able to do peer to peer sharing of files, putting their market performance at a disadvantage.

Peter Green’s first day Essay

Get the order from Bob Franklin. In order to get the order, Peter has to face the problem of â€Å"freight cost†. Secondary contradiction for Peter Green: 1) His supervisor, John Murphy makes no bones about his scorn for the new breed of salespeople at Scott Carpet, such as Peter himself. 2) Tiff with John Murphy. How to deal with the principal contradiction for Peter Green As Peter Green has to face his ethical principle of no lies, he cannot bear from lying to the front office or he will encounter a faith breaking. That leaves only choice is to satisfy Bob Franklin in order to not lose the commission, at the same time, not breaking his ethical rules. There is one way to finish the task and benefit both sides. Peter could ask the company to bring forward a preferential strategy that all the firms that have a long-term partnership with Scott Carpets (Such as Peabody Rug) will be given a certain credit according to the size of the order. In that kind of strategy, Peter will not need to face the dilemma and Bob get what he wants. It’s a win-win situation, job done. Conspiracy? Let’s say it’s an overt one. Whatever happened in system, stayed in system, and solve in system. How to deal with the secondary contradiction for Peter Green First thing, be nice to John Murphy, whatever it’s from the bottom of the heart or act according to circumstance. Show some respect to the supervisors. Secondly, do everything nicely, keep follow the ethic rules but learn to be adaptable. Last but not least, play the overt one, not conspiracy. What if the company doesn’t agree with the new strategy? As to the character of John Murphy, it’s easy to tell his arrogance. By that case, Peter’s new idea may face a very dangerous situation. As the rule â€Å"Whatever happened in system, stayed in system, and solved in system†, Peter cannot bypass the immediate leader (John Murphy) to do the report. By that case, he has to endure hardships (agree with his BOSS John Murphy and show the loyalty to him) to wait the promotion comes. When he gets promoted to, let’s say, District Manager, he can change the rules and play his game.

English dream to reality

‘I'd like to welcome y'all to the rap states battle where the best freestyles from everywhere around the world have come to compete against the best' the adrenaline rush paced his veins as the enormous, high pitched voice from the Rap Battle host announced the welcome. The crowd cheered as a shiver ran up his spine, this was the chance for Shorty to gain his respect as a known MC. Round one and up went the first contestant, up against one of the best, Nas, the challenger was practically chewed up and spat out. Now Shorty was getting weary, he began to see what would happen to him if he failed. ‘Give it up for my main man Shorty! ‘It was now Shorty's turn, as he walked up to the stage the microphone was put to his mouth and the crowd in their thousands were shouting ‘choke, choke, choke' at that same moment Shorty threw back the microphone in disgust, he had ruined it all, there was no chance of him becoming a known MC around the world. It was now the champs turn, after a few long agonising minutes, the crowd roared out with cheers Shorty had been put down like a dog. It was now or never Shorty's whole rap career depended on this, he decided to have another go, again the crowd shouted ‘choke, choke, choke' As Shorty starred at the hating crowd the stage went quite, suddenly the silence was broken ‘Blood I aint hating on you, so why you hating on me? ‘ Shorty had words spilling out of his mouth like water running out of a tap, hope now turned into anger and anger into words, the words being expressed were very strong and passionate. After a long 30 seconds of pure MC'in the battle was over, now all Shorty could hope for was fate being on his side. Put your hands together for my man Nas! ‘ loud cheering from the crowds of thousands and thousands of people were ringing inside of the ears of Shorty. ‘Now put your hands together for Shorty! ‘ silence. ‘I know many of you have come here tonight to see young MC's being ripped apart but I am glad to say we have a new Champ, it's the one and only tongue twisting Li-‘ The piercing sound of the fire bell was ringing inside the head of Shorty, his head was a big church bell banging side to side. Ahh,' he gave a little scream and then began to scream ‘I won' repeatedly as he came back to the light of reality from his dream. The class suddenly turned to face him, a long silence hovered over the cold, dull classroom this was soon broken by the bellowing voice of Mr Crankbrook, ‘Pardon? What did you say? ‘ Here sat the greatest MCing lyricist. Shortys head went from pale and dead to a bright hot red as he had the loud voice of Mr Crankbrook's shouting spinning around his head doing circles. Shorty replied in complete confusion with a simple grunt and shrugged his broad shoulders. As the lesson progressed, Shorty's ball of anger against Mr Crankbrook for his embarrassing outbreak raged deep within him. For the remaining part of the lesson Shorty stared aimlessly at the ceiling. ‘Are you ready to die? ‘, ‘No, p-please gimme one mo chance' cried the tall shady man who was practically on his knobbly knees begging. ‘I gave you many chances Crankbrook, you chose to blow them back in my face! ‘ ‘Shorty†¦ Nooo! standing coolly and calm, Shorty, in his ice white suit lit a cigar, seconds later he laid a long grubby finger on the trigger of his P90 Rugar, Cranbrook looked at the gun in disgust, a shot was fired, in a slow motion the 9mm bullet came out of the gun like a spitting snake and the surrounding went dead a split second after the gun shot a finger of lightening lashed out aimlessly in the dark night sky. Crankbrook who was now dying from lack of blood breathed his last breath a further eight ear splitting gun shots were fired simultaneously which drained away the screaming of Cranbrook. In a deep cold voice Shorty muttered his final words ‘Whats mines is mines, what's yours is mines, sometimes people tend to forget that' the final gunshot was fired. The atmosphere of the scene died down and Shorty dropped down on his knees as his conscience came crawling back to him, Shorty, now the most respected thugs of LA, sat on the damp grass in disbelief to what he had just done. ‘Haha†¦ Shorty you just wet yourself you just wet yourself! ‘ shouted a boy passing, ‘what? Shorty replied ‘Get outta my way home boy, I want my food' exclaimed the plump, Dennis the menace look alike boy, pushing Shorty out of the lunch line. Shorty grasped his money in his hand with a firm grip and clenched his fist. The boy, a waddling pig, then squealed out, ‘gimme your lunch money' and shorty gave up his money within seconds not considering the fact that he could say no. for the rest of the day Shorty thought about what had happened and how stupid he had acted to give up his lunch money, ‘Get out my way shouted a passenger walking by' and moments later Shorty found himself in a big puddle of murky mud. Shorty looked at the computer shop and saw the new computer hacking game for his games console he wanted for a mighty long time. ‘Shorty we got someone tryin' to hack into our server, they go by the name-‘ ‘I aint got time for this' butted Shorty ‘but sir' ‘but nothing end of discussion' Shorty took control straight away. ‘Lets get down to business men' Shorty picked up a remote control and moved swiftly across the gigantic table, he clicked a button and the coughing of the room of hackers got drained away by the sound produced by the presentation. Shorty began to explain their assignment, ‘right my fellow hackers we are going to have to act quick on this, the government of the white house are planning to get rid of peer to peeer networking and it is up to us to prevent this' a big dark haired man wearing a jet black cape like coat spurted out, ‘Sir don't you think this is a bit, well way out of our league' a streak of sweat dropped slowly down Shorty's face as he snapped ‘Hush, impossible is nothing' as the long hours passed the hackers became weary and tired. I've found something, I've Found something,' shouted Neo. The specifications of the governments' computers showed that they had a total of 100 firewalls, this meant the the hacking team had to act quicker. ‘Use Denial of System to hack into the main framework of the computers, I'll write a backdoor Trojan for remote access to the generic host' explained Shorty as he wiped his sweaty forehead with a hankerchief, who was working the hardest he had ever worked before. After a stressful three quarters of an hour of death defying hacking, the team finally got through the hundreds of security software that was holding the precious government documents. This was time for Shorty to shine, he began writing his backdoor Trojan after a realm of debugging and source code writing the Trojan was complete and it was time. The Trojan began to do its works. Success the intense moment broke into cheers of laughter, ‘98% of downloading content complete†¦. as the percent downloaded gradually increased the crew became more uptight, finally 100% complete. Shorty, Neo and Morpheus the first to ever hack into the White House stood staring amongst each other. ‘Kid, you aiite? ‘ asked a concerned stranger, Shorty starred ahead of him into the busy street and saw the reflection of the moon on the wet, damp road, ‘I'm fine' he replied, and then continued to gaze into the night sky.

MGT QUESTION 8 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

MGT QUESTION 8 - Essay Example It is not professional to let him know that I have a glimpse of the problem. As part of an advice to this employee, approaching this problem by using myself as an example will help. I would let them know that I also go through personal problems and irritations as a supervisor and I try not to let them affect my work. In conclusion, I will advice the employee to take extra effort and be less abrasive on others. Dan is a good employee who has worked in this company for about 10 years. However, he is afraid of change that is just about to happen and thinks it is not necessary. As his supervisor, I am aware that if this is unchecked it will spoil the effectiveness and environment of the entire department. The solution lies in calling Dan for one on one discussion where I will express my concern in a non-threatening manner and allow him to expresses his fears. I will encourage him to be as open and honest as possible. After listening to his fears, I will explain to Dan the reasons for change in the day-to-day operations process, which include the size of the company, increased productivity, and efficiency. I expect he will choose to comply because once productivity is improved, he can bargain again for a better

How Corporate Social Responsibility and Corporate Reputations Affect Dissertation

How Corporate Social Responsibility and Corporate Reputations Affect Profitability - Dissertation Example POSE 32 3.4.RESEARCH APPROACH 32 3.5.RESEARCH STRATEGY 33 3.6.RESEARCH METHOD 34 3.7.DATA COLLECTION 35 3.7.1.Secondary data collection: 36 3.7.2.Questionnaire For Primary Data 36 3.8.POPULATION AND SAMPLING TECHNIQUE 37 3.9.ETHICAL ISSUES 38 3.10.LIMITATIONS 38 3.11.RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF RESEARCH 38 3.12.SUMMARY 39 Chapter 4: Data Analysis 40 4.1.INTRODUCTION: 40 4.2.DATA ANALYSIS: 40 4.3.ANALYSIS: 50 4.4.SUMMARY 52 CHAPTER FIVE: CONCLUSION 53 5.1.INTRODUCTION 53 5.2.SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS 53 5.3.MANAGERIAL IMPLICATION 57 5.4.RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE STUDY 58 References 60 Table of Figures Figure 1: OCCUPATION OF RESPONDENTS: 41 Figure 2: IMPACT OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ON PROFITABILITY 42 Figure 3: IMPORTANT FACTORS FOR EFFECTIVE CSR STRATEGY 44 Figure 4: REASONS OF ADOPTING CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY 46 Figure 5: BARRIERS IN ACCOMMODATING CSR IN THE COMPANY’S OPERATIONS 48 Figure 6: IMPORTANCE OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN TODAY’S ENVI RONMENT: 50 â€Å"HOW CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND CORPORATE REPUTATION AFFECTS PROFITABILITY?† Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1. INTRODUCTION The introduction chapter provides special attention regarding the concepts associated with Corporate Social Responsibility, and Corporate Reputation and its impact on organizational profitability. In addition, this chapter encompasses the research aims and objectives along with the significance of the study. This chapter further highlights the plan of the study i.e. the research methods used along with the conceptual framework. Lastly, this chapter includes the overall summary of the dissertation. 1.2. INTRODUCTION TO STUDY During the last two decades, organizations have grown significant concerns regarding Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Through CSR, organizations have been describing their contributions towards the community while balancing the organization’s impact on the environment. With the passage of time, organi zations have extended their responsibilities towards CSR as it has helped the organizations to promote sustainable growth on company’s core business activities. Businesses have long pursued their single most dominant motive i.e. profit. Significant changes have been observed from earlier days to the modern world. One of the prominent changes includes the utmost attention towards the development of community and society. In simpler words, the concept of giving the society back has greatly impacted the profitability of the businesses in local and international markets. Today the profitability of the company is fueled through its attention on social responsibilities. Due to the very reason, the

Nature Versus Nurture, which is responsible for leaders Assignment

Nature Versus Nurture, which is responsible for leaders - Assignment Example In order to understand whether or not leaders are natural born or nurtured into a leader, it is important to understand what exactly defines a leader and what type of traits a leader should posses. A leader can be defined as someone who is able to lead others. To lead others is to conduct plans and implement plans in a way other can easily follow. It is also important for a leader to be able to lead others in a way others will want to follow. Possessing a personality that is favored by many is a necessity for someone to be a leader. A leader is able to lead others into a specific event and lead others in a certain directions. Leaders need to have specific traits. Specific traits a leader should posses would include a strong personality. Strong personalities allow a leader to not easily be manipulated and stay focused. A leader must also posses’ traits that allow him or her to be organized. Being organized shows others that as a leader one is confident and well structured. A leader needs to work well under stress. Being able to work well under stress will allow for a leader to take on large tasks without easily becoming discouraged. The more personable one may be, the more able the leader is to obtain followers. A leader is not a leader unless people are willing to follow with their own free will and not by force or fear. Anyone can lead by fear but a true leader leads by personal choice. Knowing what a leader is and specific traits a leader should posses help to further explore the idea that leaders are both born with specific traits and nurtured by proper upbringing. Intelligence is a perfect example as to how leaders can be born leaders. A leader needs to have a certain level of intelligence in order to lead others. One who is born with a higher level of intelligence is able to learn fast, stay focused and keep up with the demand it takes to lead. It would be hard to lead others if one was lacking necessary skills such as

Connecting the local with the global Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Connecting the local with the global - Essay Example On the other hand, economies are exposed to the risk of the spread of economic crisis, for example the current financial crisis in the United States which spread to several other economies due to globalization. However, the benefits of globalization surpass the adverse effects since economies continue to thrive despite the negative aspects of globalization (John and Thomas 1997). For example, the East Asian economies are amongst those that have reaped much benefit from changes in the global scale. Once a peripheral economy, even with the devastating outcomes from the Korean War, Seoul, the capital of Republic of Korea, has become the worlds 11th largest economy in the world and has overcome the world economists expectation by developing into a semi-peripheral economy in a short time. This essay is a critique of events that have occurred as a result of globalization in South Korea. It offers an overview of the benefits that the community has reaped from globalization, as well as some hitches that have affected the people due to the globalization phenomenon in Seoul. It also gives the impression that the benefits that the benefits of globalization to the community surpass the few hitches tha t have been experienced. In the conclusion, it highlights the world-system theory of globalization that is reflected by the ideas that have been discussed. Globalization is one of the occurrences in the Republic of Korea that has had extensive effects on the country’s economy. The community in Seoul, which is the capital city, has been affected by the shift from protectionism to a liberalized economic system. The proliferation of foreign direct investment is as a result of globalization. The United States leads in the number of foreign companies investing in the country, which is focused towards more import liberalization in order to encourage consumption of foreign products in the country. This was meant to encourage foreign investment in the country (Noland 2009). The

Women, Work and Family Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Women, Work and Family - Essay Example Violating equal employment opportunity laws in favor of males is as good as adopting unfair practices by employers. However, all these interpretations are subjective and different people have different interpretations. In the US, unfair practices in regard to women at the workplace can be determined by ascertaining whether the following laws are being complied with. Wage discrimination is prohibited by employers on the basis of sex under provisions of the Equal Pay Act of 1963, which is a part of the Fair Labor Standards Act. Section VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 disallows workplace discrimination in regard to reducing workforce, firing, hiring and sexual harassment Discrimination of pregnant women is prohibited under the Pregnancy Discrimination Act. If assumptions are made on the basis of previously established practices about the working roles of women and men, women can be said to be discriminated against if they are being denied opportunities on the basis of such assumptio ns. This becomes an unfair practice because then, women are treated unfairly on the basis of gender. An employer cannot make assumptions about the kind of work that a woman is able to do and then reject her application. This too is an unfair practice because opportunity is denied at the work place. However, given that discrimination has become quite ingenious many women continue to suffer from unfair discrimination in employment. Fairness at the workplace requires a consistent commitment in eliminating illegal discrimination and unless this objective is achieved, the American values of equal opportunity and fairness will not be met (Wilson, 2003). It is ironical that as per data provided by the Census Bureau... This paper stresses that global corporations need to adopt and implement strong initiatives to achieve gender equality through adoption of measures such as the implementation of employment practices and policies that entirely remove gender inequality in issues such as promotion, pay and recruitment. Major elements in this regard will include the payment of the legal wages to women and ensuring fair and comparable working conditions such as retirement benefits, working hours and wages. In keeping with global practices, new initiatives should include confirmable actions whereby women are given equal opportunities in terms of representation. The maximum attention needs to be given to introducing measures for prohibiting discrimination on the basis of marriage status and parental status while taking decisions about promotions and employment. This also includes actions focusing on ensuring job security, which permit interruption in the job because of maternity leave, parenting leave and f amily related responsibility. This esssay makes a conclusion that global organizations can improve the system relative to equality of women in the workplace by taking initiatives of implementing impartial policies towards women engaged in contractual work and temporary work. Layoffs need to be managed in ways that women are not impacted disproportionately. It is thus true that global employment needs global justice whereby employers cannot treat female employees in ways they would not treat male employees.

International Business Environment in terms of Globalisation Essay

International Business Environment in terms of Globalisation - Essay Example Globalisation also made labour globally mobile, because the new environment greatly assisted nations to do business jointly with overseas countries and hire skilled foreign workers (Jaumotte & Tytell, n.d.). It is obvious that cultural aspects and consumer behaviour vary from country to country and hence organisations face numerous cultural barriers while operating in a foreign country. Studies show that cultural aspects can have a great influence on an individual’s physical and psychological levels of personality, which plays a notable role in developing an organisation’s worksite culture. As Siadat et al (2012) argue, cultural integrity is necessary for an organisation to improve its productivity because a culturally diverse worksite would not promote worksite coordination. In addition, the issue of general acceptability of other cultures may come into play in a culturally diverse worksite. Under such circumstances, there will be conflict among workers and it will adv ersely affect the efficiency of the worksite environment as a whole. Under a culturally diverse worksite, employees may react differently to different events and therefore it would be difficult for the management to frame a common operational policy for such a workplace. Likewise, consumer behaviour is greatly related to culture; therefore, an international company cannot effectively influence consumer behaviour if it practices same marketing and business strategies in all countries (Univrsity of Minho 2004). In other words, an organisation would not succeed in a foreign country unless the organisation accurately understands the country’s cultural and social norms. In short, cultural multiplicity is turning out to be a growth impediment to multinational organisations as they are forced to spend more on cultural diversity management. Each organisation has a unique culture and this element is of considerable importance in determining the organisation’s market position. L owe (2012) points out that the concept of organisational culture is of a great value as it directly impacts an organisation’s unity, loyalty, competition, direction, and identity. While evaluating the impact of culture on western countries and china, it seems that both these regions have totally different views on culture. In case of western countries, they have a more socially developed or liberalised culture whereas China still follows traditional cultural views and norms in terms of business structure and operations. Therefore, impact of culture is more evident in China as compared to western countries. To illustrate, the Chinese culture has notable impact on product design, supply chain activities, and marketing campaigns. This paper will discuss various cultural difficulties likely to be encountered when a multinational company from a western economy contemplates a joint venture with a foreign partner in China. Importance of national cultures The Western society, especia lly Europe and the US, is an agglomeration of different cultures mainly because these countries constitute the ultimate destination for job migrants. Hence, a unique culture is not visible in the Western world. Cultures of the majority of the Western counties have been

Chinese photographer, Yang Fudong Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Chinese photographer, Yang Fudong - Essay Example It is a cinematographic adaptation of the traditional Chinese stories. Yang is known for coming out with some of the most refreshing and impressive works in the contemporary Chinese cinema (Yu 35). Yang’s films and photos are well known for their psychological gravity and density (Yu 35). His films and photography tends to delve on the most fundamental philosophical questions marking the human existence in an intensely visual format (Yu 35). The hallmark of Yang’s art is that his photos and films aspire to blend the vivacity and verve of youthful ideas and feelings with the stark and sobering realities of life (Yu 35). In his works Yang makes stylistic references to and extends a nostalgic homage to varied salient periods and aspects of Chinese cinema (Yu 35). Yang’s photos extend symbolic answers to the questions pertaining to creativity and identity in the contemporary world. The strange thing is that Yang’s photos and films lack any discernible political

Acute Renal Failure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Acute Renal Failure - Essay Example This paper is going to examine the Gordon’s Functional health patterns as well as Myra Levine’s Model is relation to how acute renal failure affects the patient. A specific diet and treatment for renal failure will depend on the patient’s age, the severity and other medical conditions. Nutrition’s affect on renal failure has been studied extensively and published on scientific reports. For example, Dr. T. A’s â€Å"Primer on Kidney Disease† recommends a 0.8 to 1 g protein of body weight per kilogram each day of protein in chronic kidney disease. During dialysis, this can increases from 1.2 to 1.3 g/kg each day. Gordon’s Functional Health Patterns Marjorie Gordon developed functional health patterns to form a guideline when it comes to the establishment of a nursing data base that is comprehensive. She placed the patterns into different categories making it possible for a data collection process that is standardized and systematic (Dunn and Hood, 2009). These patterns have assisted nurses over the years in determining different human and health function aspects; a) Health Perception and Health Management. This category focuses on an individual’s perceived health level as well as well-being. ... Here, the evaluation of local supplies adequacy takes place. c) Elimination. This area mainly concerns itself with excretory patterns experienced on the skin, bladder and bowel. Excretory issues like constipation, diarrhea, incontinence and urinary retention can be easily identified d) Activity and Exercise. Focused is directed to the daily living activities that need energy expenditure, and they include leisure activities and exercise. e) Sleep and Rest. The individual’s rest, sleep and relaxation practices are assessed. Sleep patterns that are dysfunctional, sleep deprivation responses and fatigue can be identified. f) Self-Perception and Self-Concept. The individual’s attitude towards themselves is the issue of concern and this includes body image, identity, and self-worth. The identification process in this case concerns itself with the self-esteem level and threats response to the individual self concept (Dunn, 2009). g) Roles and Relationships. The role played by an individual is the one being assessed as well as how the individual relates with others. h) Sexuality and Reproduction. Person satisfaction or in some cases dissatisfaction in relation to reproductive functions and sexuality patterns are to be assessed under this category. i) Coping and Stress Tolerance. The individual’s stress perception and the way he or she copes with stress are examined. j) Values and Belief. The belief and values of an individual are assessed and this includes the individual’s spiritual beliefs. Myra Levine’s Model In her model, Myra came up with four principles that were meant to serve nurses as a guide to promoting wholeness: 1. Conservation energy. The interventions by nurses have to be gauged on the individual capacity so as to give room for

The Characteristics and Development of RFID - Radio frequency identification Essay Example for Free

The Characteristics and Development of RFID Radio frequency identification Essay Wal-Mart, the world leading retailer, announced it will expand its rollout of radio frequency identification (RFID) to a total of 300 suppliers by 2006, following meeting with its top vendors. The retailers top 100 suppliers have already agreed to implement RFID by January 2005. Wal-Mart plans to have the inventory tracking system, which uses radio frequency technology, in six distribution centers and 250 Wal-Mart stores and Sams Club stores by next June. By October of next year, the program will include up to 13 distribution centers and up to 600 Wal-Mart and Sams Club stores. By the start of 2006, Wal-Marts next top 200 suppliers will begin tagging cased and pallets, bringing the total to 300 vendors. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology has been in commercial use since the early 1980s. It has been employed, for instance, on highway and bridge tolls, in tracking livestock movements, in tracking airfreight and in motorcar manufacturing, but until recently, the technology has been too expensive and too limited for mass commercial applications. However, retailers are now starting to drive the introduction of RFID and it would seem to have the potential to revolutionize efficiency, effectiveness and security throughout supply chain. By definition, RFID is a technology process starts with a tag that is made up of a microchip with an form a magnetic field when they join with the antenna on the RFID tag (FRiDa. com). Its one of the most powerful IT strategic assets in use in retailing industry. According to Michalisim (1997), he pointed out that strategic asset are simultaneously valuable, rare, imperfectly imitable, and nonsubstitutable. RFID technology has been commonly recognized as the key source to enterprise resource management system as well as warehouse management systems and enables retailers to gain competitive edges over rivals. RFID is the generic name for technologies that use radio waves to automatically identify items. There are several methods of identifying items using RFID but most systems consist of a tag, which is made up of a microchip with a coiled antenna, and an interrogator or reader with an antenna. The reader sends out electromagnetic waves that form a magnetic field when they couple with the antenna on the RFID tag. The tag draws power from the magnetic field and uses it to power the microchips circuits. The chip then modulates the waves that the tag sends back to the reader and the reader converts the new waves into digital data. The data transmitted by the tag may provide identification or location details and/or specific information about the product such as price, colour and date of purchase. The tags are very flexible in that microchips measuring less than a third of a millimeter wide can now store a wide range of unique product information, they can be read from a distance and through a variety of obstacles. RFID technology can also allow some, but not all, the data held on a tag to be read and the tags can be updated after the original data has been loaded. The tags also offer security in that they can be made virtually tamper free. The technology has been too expensive and too limited for widespread mass commercial applications, but as the price of tags, tag readers and the associated equipment continues to fall so a growing number of retailers have begun to explore the introduction of RFID and this in turn seems likely to bring the technology into everyday consumer use. Wal-Mart is making this revolutionary technology (i. e. RFID) a reality in distribution centers today. Its expected that Wal-Marts top 100 suppliers must be RFID-ready by January 2005 and the retailer then put its large foot forward in April of this year by launching the first phase of RFID implementation at the case and pallet level in Fort Worth marketplace. Apparently, the retailing industry is slowly moving toward a re-engineered supply chain with enhanced efficiencies. RFID represents the most sweeping supply-chain advancement since June 1974, initiated by Wm. Wrigley Company by adopting the worlds first, official grocery-store barcode on a pack of chewing gum. Since then, it changes to the way the supply chain operation becomes more efficient. It is evident to note that RFID helps manufactories virtually eliminate manual data entry and manual business process transactions in such ways: first and foremost, order fulfillment speed is dramatically increased; second, the order accuracy is improved; third, the on-going operating costs of order fulfillment are reduced; the performance of warehouse management system investment can be enhanced; last but not least, hidden warehouse management costs become visible. Moreover, efficiency gains can be measured in picking and put away errors, acceleration of handling for return and restocking, and elimination of physical counts. In addition, RFID enables manufactories to make the most use of data as it becomes available for real-time demand signals when product moves through the supply chain. Furthermore, RFID contributes to the improvements of data accessibility and quality of which having a positive impact on demand forecast accuracy (Smith Offodile, 2002). Consequently, it helps manufactories to gain real-time visibility into customer purchase decisions throughout the value chain, which prepare firms to react and influence the marketplace. Cited from Rose (1996), An inspection of technological changes in terms of supply chain management over the last 20 years has illustrated that there have been tremendous changes in the area of physical distribution or supply chain management systems through global business. Information technology and RFID have changed payables, receivables, and the asset side of inventory. Typically, RFID use modern wireless technologies to provide manufactories with unique solutions to difficult logistical tracking of inventory. The technology is largely feature in its stability, with open architectures becoming increasingly available.

Maslows hierarchy of human needs

Maslows hierarchy of human needs Question 1 Abraham Maslow is revered as a great psychologist who lived from 1908 to 1970. He is renowned for the Maslows hierarchy of human needs. He came up with 5 levels of human needs. On the lowest quadrant of the pyramid lay the physiological needs which entailed food, sexual activity and breathing. Maslow considered these needs to be very basic and an essential for every human being. The next level of needs was the safety needs which encompass both financial and personal security as well as health and the well being of an individual. As the pyramid advances, there are other greater needs that human beings desire such as love and affection, esteem and self actualization. These needs are satisfied in order of their hierarchy such that one would not satisfy a high need without first satisfying a lower need within the Maslow hierarchy need. Maslow hierarchy of needs is indeed imperative in that it illuminates the most important and the least important needs of human beings. Through this theory, we are able to identify the most basic human needs. In addition, Maslows hierarchy of needs enables us to gain a succinct understanding of the theory of motivation. Most times, managers would first of all seek to meet the basic needs of their employees so that they can be able to motivate their employees to higher levels. Critics on the other hand suggest that human needs cannot be classified into hierarchies as Maslow did. A onetime philosopher argues that people are diverse and have different needs that they consider as basic. The hierarchy can therefore not be considered to be universal. What one considers to be a fundamental need may not be fundamental to another. Maslow was criticized for testing a small sample of about 100 students to come up with the hierarchy of human needs. The limited testing cannot therefore be construed to be sufficient. Question 2 In this experiment, patients with depression shall be sampled. A sample of 40 patients under new medication and suffering from depression will be taken. The effectiveness of the patients new medication against depression will be measured by determining the changes in behavior among the 40 patients. Hypothesis This study seeks to establish the effectiveness of new medication for treating depression Random assignment of participants The sample of 40 patients suffering from depression will be sampled from different hospitals across the state of Texas. These patients will consist of those suffering from depression and are using the new medication. The patients will be monitored for about a week to establish the effectiveness of the new medication. Independent variable The period of time for administering the new medication to patients with depression Dependent variable The rate of healing of the patients with depression The quantity of drugs administered to the patients suffering from depression Ethical guidelines Here, we shall monitor the patients improvement in terms of their behavior. The patients sampled will be monitored for a period of one week. Question 3 Psychology is the study of the mental mind and the disciplines and theories that surround the mental mind. Psychology therefore does not merely study the mental process but also encompasses the behavior of human beings and the likely effects that this behavior has to both the individual and the environment at large. Question 4 Operant conditioning implies using results to modify behavior towards the desired direction. This principle entails altering behavior that is based on the environment through first changing the environment. Drinking alcohol and driving can be changed via operant conditioning. This can be changed through making it illegal to drink and drive as well as closing drinking joints early. Positive reinforcement entails introducing an action that encourages the occurrence of a certain behavior. For instance, withdrawing law pertaining to drinking and driving is a positive reinforcement. On the other hand, negative reinforcement involves introducing behavior that inhibits the commission of a certain behavior; for instance, in the above example, introducing gadgets that will be used to detect drunk drivers on the road. This helps in shaping the behavior of drinking groups within the society. Negative reinforcement also leads to the extinction of undesired behavior. Reinforcing laws against drunk driving is also negative reinforcement. Punishment is one way of discouraging behavior. It is thus an effective way of limiting operant conditioning. Reinforcement cannot be effectively done at once. There is need for a schedule of reinforcement which indicates how the undesired behavior will be altered.

Developing a Sense of Place in Geography Education

Developing a Sense of Place in Geography Education Developing a sense of place through Key Stage 1 2 Geography Teaching Introduction This paper looks at a particular aspect of teaching and learning geography that is particularly significant: developing a sense of place, as defined under the programme of study Knowledge and Understanding of Places of Key Stage 1 2 of the Primary School National Curriculum. The idea of developing ‘sense of place’ is first discussed in detail and then children’s learning is considered, in terms of what children will actually learn from undertaking this activity, and why this is a valuable part of the curriculum. In terms of what children will actually learn, the paper will consider such things as developing a ‘sense of place’ using an enquiring approach, enhancing children’s perceptions of their locality and their concept of nested hierarchies, developing a vocabulary for geography, enhancing their observation skills and recording skills, during fieldwork, for example. Under the National Curriculum for the UK – Geography, the stated aims and purposes of teaching geography are to stimulate children’s interest in their surroundings and in the variety of human and physical conditions on Earth, to foster a sense of wonder at the beauty of the world, to help children develop a sense of concern about the protection of the Earth’s natural resources and to enhance children’s sense of responsibility for the care of the Earth and it’s peoples (The Standards Site, 2007). The aim of key stage 1 is to develop knowledge, skills and understanding relating to the children’s own immediate environment, in terms of the physical environment and the people who live there, with the focus on developing thinking in a geographical way i.e., utilising questions such as ‘What/where is it?’ (aimed at developing observational skills), ‘What is it like?’ (aimed at developing reporting skills), and ‘How di d it get like this?’ (aimed at developing analytical skills) (The Standards Site, 2007). Key stage 2 geography teaching aims to further develop knowledge of place and peoples, but further afield from the immediate locality, so that children begin to learn about different scales and how they relate to each other and to other places on Earth (The Standards Site, 2007). In terms of the current paper, implicit within these stated aims of Key Stage 1 2 geography teaching, is the development of a child’s perception of ‘a sense of place’, in terms of children being able to firstly recognise where they are, then to be able to describe the features of their immediate environment, and to undertake investigations which would allow them to further explore and understand their immediate environment (The Standards Site, 2007). With these aims in mind, in terms of developing a ‘sense of place’, one of the first recommended units within Key Stage 1 curriculum is entitled ‘Around our school – the local area’ which uses investigative methods to encourage children to look at their immediate, i.e., local, area. The investigative methods include funding out where other children in their class live, in comparison to where they themselves live, for example, locating the school in comparison to other local landmarks they know about, identifying what else can be seen in the streets immediately surrounding the school (for example, traffic lights, car parks etc), describing what the immediate environment is like, investigating what jobs people do in the local area, for example by asking other children what jobs their parents undertake, looking at how people spend their leisure time, for example by asking if other children’s parents have hobbies, or what the other children do in the evenings and at weekends, looking at the local area to see if any building work is taking place, and then discussing how this might change the local area, for better or for worse (The Standards Site, 2007). All of these points can be amplified upon by the teacher, and can be discussed in much greater detail with the individual children, and between groups of children, so that the children really begin to develop some sense of their own ‘sense of place’, in terms of understanding and analysing their own local environments (i.e., their school, their home, their routes between school and home etc.). As can be seen, therefore, the National Curriculum gives a very clear set of guidelines as to how geography should be taught to Key Stage 1 2 aged children, with these guidelines broken down in to easy to manage modules, with each module incorporating new skills (such as investigative skills, reporting skills or analytical skills), beginning with investigations and discussions of the children’s local environment and with each subsequent module designed to take the children a little further afield than their local environment. This, it is aimed, will clearly develop a child’s ‘sense of place’ in terms of first orientating them with regards to their local environment, and then, slowly, introducing them to environments that are further afield, for example, through a progression of scales, of nested hierarchies, i.e., studies of, first, the local town, and then subsequently of the local city, the county, the country, Europe, the world and it’s people. I t is aimed that through this sequential and progressive approach to teaching about geography, aside from the skills that the children will acquire, the children will also, as we have seen, develop a strong ‘sense of place’. We have seen that the National Curriculum provides quite explicit guidelines as to how to teach geography to primary school children, but what, on the ground, as it were, can teachers do to ensure that the lessons that need to be taught to children are taught in the best way possible, and are taught in an entertaining and effective manner? To this end, there are all sorts of study aids that teachers can use to teach geography to primary school children. Some of these teacher aids will be discussed in the following sections. One set of teacher aids, designed specifically for teaching Key Stage 1 2 geography curriculum to primary school children is the Super Schemes series, developed by the Geographical Association, in particular Unit 1, which is entitled Around our School: The Seagulls Busy Day and Unit 2, which is entitled Making Our Area Safer: The Twins Holiday. These books use an almost story book-like approach to teach children about geography through the eyes of characters that the children can relate to. It is intended that the children read of the characters, and what they do within the books, and that, through this, the children learn about the aims of the geography curriculum. The explicit aim of this series of books is to enhance and improve the vocabulary of children, in terms of the vocabulary that is necessary for an understanding of geography, to enable their own understanding of a ‘sense of place’. The Around our School: The Seagulls Busy Day title, for example, aims to help children realise that maps can be useful in the location, recording and visualizing of information. The Making Our Area Safer: The Twins Holiday title has similar aims, but also aims to encourage understanding of issues of sustainability of community, through looking at safety issues within the community, in particular the issue of how young children deal with traffic and how young children (i.e., the twins in the story) can manage to overcome the problems that traffic poses to them. These two books in the Super Schemes series are interesting in that they present a particular, traditional, way of teaching a particular idea to children, using a different ‘take’ on a tried and tested formula, which many teachers may find useful, and easy to implement. For teachers, however, who prefer a more ‘hands-on’ approach in their attempt to develop a child’s ‘sense of place’, there are other, more ‘hands-on’ teacher aids that can be incorporated in to Key Stage 1 2 geography teaching, for example, the Earthwalks kit, designed by Hekkle and Van Matre (1980), which is designed to educate users about nature, by making the users ‘get in touch’ with nature, through reawakening the senses of the user, and sharpening their perceptions of their sense of place, for example, and of the beauty of their immediate environment. The idea of the Earthwalks kit is to provide activities, based around hour-long walks, including relevant activities, which can be used to heighten the users perception of their environment. The activities are written in a child-friendly manner, and the kit is presented in a card/binder format, so that, for example, children can add in their own paper to make notes, or to draw something they have seen along the walk that they found particularly interesting. The approach presented in the Earthwalks kit is entirely ‘hands-on’ and attempts to encourage the development of a sense of wonder about the child’s environment, in terms of encouraging heightened observations and, as such, to encourage heightened appreciation of their environment, developing, very practically, a heightened ‘sense of place’ in the users. The idea of developing ‘sense of place’ is therefore crucial in teaching geography to primary school children, in terms of encouraging a connection with their environment, encouraging responsibility to the local environment, and laying a foundation on which children can build, in terms of taking this understanding, appreciation and responsibility for their local environment further, when children begin to learn about areas that are further afield, or other cultures, for example. A child that has a well developed ‘sense of place’ from an early age will be much more tolerant, responsible, appreciative and responsive to the ‘other’ than a child that has not developed a coherent ‘sense of place’ from an early age. As we have seen, children’s learning about geography at Key Stages 1 2 is very well structured, and the aims of these Key Stages are very well defined, in terms of leading children gently through the progression of understanding their local environment, and from this later understanding environments that are further afield, or other cultures, for example. In terms of what children will actually learn from undertaking the activities suggested throughout the Key Stages 1 2 Geography Curriculum, as we have seen, it is aimed that children will first learn about, and learn to understand their local environment, and then, through Key Stage 2 that they will begin to take these learning tools and move on to learning about environments that are further afield, and about other peoples and cultures. This is a valuable part of the curriculum, obviously, as children need to, as we have seen, first develop a strong understanding of their immediate environment, through developing a ‘ sense of place’ and then, from this, take this appreciation, understanding and responsibility to environments that are further afield. This approach to learning about their surroundings encourages thinking in a responsible and sustainable manner, such that children are encouraged to appreciate, and thus to care for, their surroundings, whether these be their immediate surroundings, or whether they be further afield. In terms of what children will actually learn, as we have seen, the aim of Key Stages 1 2 Geography teaching is, essentially, to develop a ‘sense of place’ using an enquiring approach, enhancing children’s perceptions of their locality and their concept of nested hierarchies, developing a vocabulary for geography, enhancing their observation skills and recording skills, during fieldwork, for example. As we have seen, the various teaching aids that are available can help in these aims, especially if the two types of teaching aids, ‘traditional’ versus ‘hands-on’ are used in conjunction with each other in the classroom, in order to encourage children’s learning and acquisition of knowledge. In conclusion, I feel that developing a child’s ‘sense of place’ is an implicit aim of the Key Stages 1 2 Geography Curriculum, and that, as such, encouraging a child to develop a strong ‘sense of place’ is a fundamental part of teaching geography to children at this stage of their development. As we have seen, at the beginning of this paper, teachers have been given a very strong conceptual framework for developing their geography teaching, in the form of the National Curriculum specifications, which provides them a basis on which to teach children about geography. Within this, however, as we have seen, teachers are free to decide how they teach their pupils about geography. We have looked at two ‘types’ of teaching aids, one traditional, using the characters in books to develop children’s vocabulary and sense of responsibility, the other more ‘hands-on’ using walks to encourage a sense of wonder about ‘placeâ €™ and to encourage an appreciation of the natural beauty of ‘places’. It is, of course, the decision of the individual teacher as to which type of study aids are chosen in order for the teacher to encourage thinking about ‘sense of place’ within their pupils. In some sense, the way in which geography is taught is not important: what is important is that this ‘sense of place’, this appreciation of a child’s environment is fostered, so that children act responsibly towards their immediate environment, and further afield, in terms of caring for the natural environment as a whole. If this ‘sense of place’ is fostered in the classroom environment by the teacher, the teacher can be said to have done their job, and done their job well. Sources Bridge C., 2005. Super Schemes Unit 1, Around our School: The Seagulls busy day, Sheffield, Geographical Association. Bridge C., 2005. Super Schemes Unit 2, Making our area safer: The twins holiday, Sheffield, Geographical Association. Hekkle, K. Van Matre, S., 1980. Earthwalks, Greenville, USA, IEEMills, D. (1992) Scoffham, S., 2004. Primary Geography Handbook. Sheffield, Geographical Association. The National Curriculum of the UK – Geography The Standards Site (2007). Geography at key stages 1 and 2: teaching geography at key stages 1 and 2. Available from http://www.standards.dfes.gov.uk/schemes2/geography/teaching?view=get. Accessed on 17th April 2007. The following websites were also useful: http://www.standards.dfes.gov.uk/schemes2/geography/?view=get www.nc.uk.net/webdav/harmonise?Page/@id=6004Subject/@id=3449

Schindler?s List Essay -- essays research papers

The once almost forgotten Hitler Jews are brought back to life by Schindler’s List. The movie opens quietly with a pre-war Polish Jewish family lighting candles and saying prayers on Friday night. The family disappears, and eventually, the candles burn out. The scene switches to a man carefully dressing, stuffing his hand with money and carefully pinning a Nazi pin to his lapel. He is a shadowy figure, paying his way to get a fine table at a fancy restaurant in Krakow, and catching the eye of some Nazi officers. His name is Oscar Schindler and he is just a business man making contacts and buying influence. Soon his wining and dining pays off, as he acquires a manufacturing plant that produces pots and pans for the Nazi Army. Oscar really didn’t have any clue what was going on as far as the situation with the Jews and the Nazi Army. Reality struck him when his workers were being taken away from his ghettos and placed in concentration camps. Jews, who worked for free were his main source of labor. Actually, what the Jews are getting in return is even more valuable than money. Freedom. He is freeing them from being destroyed. Once Schindler recognizes this tragedy, he puts his on life in danger to save all of the Jews that he can. He is so generous that people ask him to let people work in the factory so they will live. He does so. He has a heart but he also does it for his personal gain. At first, he just opens the factory to gain money. In the end, we see him spending all o...

F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby - Importance of Money :: Great Gatsby Essays

   Gatsby’s Money  Ã‚      Three works Cited  Ã‚  Ã‚   Materialism started to become a main theme of literature in the modernist era. During this time the economy was good causing jazz to be popular, bootlegging common, and an affair meaning nothing (Gevaert). This negative view of money and the gross materialism in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby serves to be a modern theme in the novel. Throughout the novel, the rich possess a sense of carelessness and believe that money yields happiness.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   During the whole story, the rich have a sense of carelessness of money and material goods that are usually unobtainable by most. Prime examples of this carelessness are the huge parties that Gatsby throws; everybody who is anybody would attend: the party guests â€Å"[arrive] at twilight . . .† (Fitzgerald 111) and stay until daybreak, and â€Å"sometimes they [come] and [go] without having met Gatsby at all, [come] for the party with a simplicity of heart that [is] its own ticket of admission† (45). Gatsby puts enormous amounts of money into these parties, even though he does not enjoy them one bit. He, however, continues to have them because he believes happiness can be bought (101), that the glitz and glitter will ultimately bring Daisy to love him (Swilley). To Gatsby, he must continue to throw these parties. Gatsby is new money and he has to show off his money and prove to the world that he is rich (Karen). In addition t o his elaborate parties, he wears extravagant pink suits with gold ties and drives an eye-catching yellow car. All this he does in order to gain Daisy’s attention (Gatsbylvr). In contrast, the opposite is true for Tom. Karen says that Tom is old money and, therefore, does not have to show the world that he has money. Tom does not need Gatsby’s flashiness; his house is arranged to his liking and he seems to be more conventional -- Tom rides horses as opposed to driving a flashy car (Karen). The idea of money being able to bring happiness is another prevalent modernist theme found in The Great Gatsby. According to Sparknotes, Fitzgerald acts as the poster child for this idea. He, himself in his own life, believes this as well. He puts off marrying his wife until he has enough money to support her (SparkNotes). Fitzgerald’s delay to marry his wife and Gatsby’s quest to buy Daisy’s love are parallel (Gatsbylvr).

On the Grasshopper and Cricket Essay

In the first half of the poem ‘On the Grasshopper and Cricket’ Keats talks about the opulence of the summer season and deals with summer imagery and the grasshopper, similarly the second half is about the dullness of the winter season and deals with the cricket. â€Å" How does Keats explore Romantic Ideals in his poem On the Grasshopper and Cricket†? The poem is structurally similar to a sonnet because it has 14 lines, it can be divided into an octet and sestet and it is written in iambic pentameter. The poem has a definite rhyme scheme of abbabba cdecde. This use of form brings out the cyclic, eternal and perpetual life of nature. The use of imagery is unmistakably showing us the reverence for the natural world. Imagery is shown in the Octet summer afternoon as the hot sun, cooling trees, hedge and New-mown mead meaning meadow. In the Sestet winter evening its shown as lone winter evening, frost, stove and silence. This creates contrast from the pleasant and active mood, and lively environment created by the words ‘delights’ and ‘fun’ to the dismal and melancholy mood, and slow and peaceful environment created by ‘silence’ and ‘drowsiness’. ‘The poetry of earth is never dead’, this is the opening line of the poem. Reflecting the poet’s belief that the beauty of nature never ends and that the beauty of nature is an art form and it will never cease to exist. The Grasshopper portrays the enjoyment of summer that everyone partakes during this season. This is shown in line 7. ‘He has never done with his delights’. The assonance of the extended vowel sounds in ‘the new-mown mead’ reflects the environment of summer; this is contrasted with the harsh vowel sounds of ‘wrought a silence’ in winter, which shows how harsh winter is. Even though there is contrast between the summer and winter seasons, they are two separate beauties-summer being gentle and relaxing beauty, whereas winter is harsh and cold, yet still enchanting. Keats has explored Romantic Ideals in his poem through reverence for the natural world. The delineation was created through the use of contrast, assonance, imagery and rhyme. Using two characters such as the Grasshopper and the Cricket to visually impact the audience with thec impact nature has on us. The earth is beautiful and always will be.

Agencies: Government and Private Adoption Agency

Describe a social policy that may affect your future position as a human services worker. Compare and contrast how a public versus a private organization might address this policy differently. Include an explanation of how the delivery system of a public organization would be different than that of a private organization. For example, what would be some differences between a state-funded child placement agency and a private adoption agency in regard to how they deliver their adoption services? Consider how you could influence this policy to meet your clients’ needs. If you work for a government organization, you may not be able to lobby, but what other ways could you advocate for your client population? Respond in 200 to 300 words. A state funded child placement agency is different because they do not have an extensive background. The place child in hands of people who are willing to give their home to the child. Whereas a private adoption agency, there is a waiting period and there is extensive backgrounds checks to make sure these are the right couples, and they have enough money to afford the adoption, and what jobs they have, and if they will be able to spend the time with the child. There is so much more involved in a private adoption agency. They do not just give children to anyone. It costs. It would be hard for me as a social worker if I was trying to locate a family for an individual, and they did not qualify, but were perfect people. I could try to go above for these people and address them to the higher ups to see what we can do to offer help to these people. If I was working for a government agency it might be a little harder to lobby. Though there are ways that I can help is by offering solutions on how to get approved to become parents and adopt. Private agencies may be profit or nonprofit agencies, but have to meet a certain criteria and the management is under pressure to keep costs down. Public are sometimes based on donations and help with the community, and are a little bit poorer. Both private and public are trying to help people in many ways, and are there to try to give to the community, though one is a little more famed, and the other is low income that are trying to make a difference. It is easier to get into the public organizations and harder to get into the private ones.

Blake is the enemy of all authority(TM) Essay

Blake’s poetry often serves to propagate his anti-authoritarian views and loathing of institutional power. Furthermore, his views often impress upon the reader his belief in the human right for both spiritual and social freedom, unconstrained by established convention. Blake’s treatment of the institution of the church and religion is often contemptuous and shows his attitude to what he sees as the hypocrisy of an uncompromising establishment which in his eyes causes misery, rather than nurturing the human sole. In ‘The Garden of Love’ Blake conveys his anti-clerical message in the stanza â€Å"the gates of this chapel were shut† and reflects his view of the church as exclusionary. Moreover, the â€Å"shut† gates imply that the path to heaven and God does not start at the foot of the alter, but in individual belief and spirituality. The idea is further reinforced in the poem by the image of priests â€Å"binding with briars my joys and desires† and thereby placing the priests in the position of Christ’s oppressors, making them seem malevolent in robbing people of their natural joyful impulse. The alliteration and assonance within the â€Å"binding with briars† further reinforces the idea of a cruel path to supposed salvation. ‘The Marriage of Heaven and Hell’ challenges traditional Christian theology and makes the statement that â€Å"Prisons are built with stones of Law, Brothels with bricks of Religion†, this conveys his belief that whilst society may restrain immorality, religion can create it. The â€Å"prisons†¦ built with stones of law† also symbolise how traditional doctrinal teaching has imprisoned personal individuality. Furthermore â€Å"Good is the passive which obeys reason. Evil is the active springing from energy† epitomises the teaching of the Church of Blake’s time and is contrary to the sentiments of most contemporary readers in an age prizing individuality and condemnatory of passive indolence. â€Å"The Marriage of Heaven and Hell† was composed after the 1789 French Revolution and in a period of radical ideological and political conflict, therefore Blake’s condemnation of apathy is aimed to promulgate his vision of anarchic energy free from the restrain of authority. â€Å"Reason is the bound or outward circumference of energy† suggests that living purely through one’s intellect is what constrains boundless energy, which to him is â€Å"eternal delight†. So in this respect it is evident that the traditional authority given to rationality is seen as preventative to living life to its full as â€Å"the restrainer or reason†¦ governs the unwilling†. This indicates Blake’s view that the natural human instinct is to oppose reason and that to act according to reason is tantamount to acting under duress, in the mistaken belief that to oppose reason is to go against the â€Å"Good [which] is the passive that obeys reason†. In the poem â€Å"The school Boy† Blake condemns school- an institution which tries to teach reason as restricting the childs’ vivacity in his natural environment. â€Å"How can the bird that is born for joy sit in a cage and sing? † is a metaphor for human imprisonment to show that the environment of the classroom cannot cultivate the unrestrained and joyful energy which Blake reveres. This is in contrast to â€Å"the sky-lark [which] sings† with the boy when he â€Å"rise[s] in a summer morn When the birds sing on every tree†. This illustrates the bucolic setting, filled with aural imagery and how joy prevails in the boundless confines of nature. The repression of man-created institutions such as school can be contrasted to the freedom provided by nature, where arguably God is the only authority. The nurses song centres on the liberating environment of nature where â€Å"the voices of children are heard on the green and laughing is heard on the hill†. This evokes the abundance of delight created by God’s creation of the natural world and how in Blake’s time the idyllic countryside of England was yet largely unspoiled by large, polluting manufacturers seeking profit maximisation. The laughing of the children in â€Å"The Nurse’s Song† almost becomes as natural as the song of â€Å"the little birds† and shows that in such pastoral surroundings the children’s freedom is boundless just as that of the birds. However, this freedom is circumscribed by the watchful nurse in â€Å"The Nurses Song† in ‘Song’s of Experience’ who reprimands the children saying â€Å"your spring and your day are wasted in play† and in contrast to the well intentioned protection of the children in the first â€Å"Nurse’s Song†, this poem presages the eventual loss of the children’s natural freedom. However, Blake does not oppose parental authority arising from love, that is in the best interests of the child. Whilst he may rightfully condemn the parents in â€Å"The Chimney Sweeper† (experience) who â€Å"clothed†¦ [their child] in the clothes of death And taught†¦ [him] to sing the notes of woe†, this is because they are uncaring and hostile to their child’s happiness that is anathema to them. Consequently, their authority is destructive and oppressive. But, Blake does not condemn the guiding role of the mother in â€Å"The Little Black Boy†, who â€Å"taught†¦ [him] underneath a tree†, as her teaching is not institutionalised and rigidly doctrinal, but done outdoors in the natural environment that Blake so venerates. Moreover, at a time when slavery was still legal in England and the general perception of other races was of a racist sort, Blake’s portrayal of the boy and his mother in an affectionate manner, devoid of savagery would have challenged the notions of his day. In another radical step away from the customs of his time the introduction to Songs of Innocence gives authority to the child, to which the piper assents. † ‘Pipe a song about a lamb. ‘/ So I piped with merry cheer† paints the child was the origin of creativity and beautiful, with the piper as his instrument. The reference to the lamb suggests that the child has a moral and spiritual purpose and that his youthful innocence makes him more adept than the piper to whom he shoes how to convey the message through song. However the transience of the child’s authority is conveyed in the words â€Å"so he vanished from my sight† which re-establishes the reality of Blake’s time when children were powerless to resist the demands of their elders and could not dictate their own wishes or destinies. Blake’s focus on authority is intended to make a social and political statement about the customs of his day. Arguably, he does not oppose all authority but merely the kind arising from self-interest and requiring the sacrifice of fellow human beings. His poetry advocates individuality and unrestrained vivacity for life rare for his time and fundamentally preaches unbridled equality.

Job Description of School Counselors

According to the U.S. Department of Labor's Occupational Outlook Handbook, in the broadest sense, counselors assist people with personal, family, educational, mental health, and career decisions and problems. Their duties depend on the individuals they serve and on the settings in which they work. In school settings-elementary through post secondary these professionals are normally called school counselors. Their role is to work with students, including those considered to be at risk and with special needs. They advocate for students and work with other individuals and organizations to promote the academic, career, and personal and social development of children and youths. School counselors help children and youth understand and deal with social, behavioral, and personal problems (U.S. Dept. Labor, 2005). Vocational counselors, also called employment or career counselors, primarily provide career counseling. These individuals are located both within and external to the school setting. Their main focus is supporting individuals of all ages and backgrounds with their occupational decisions. Vocational counselors explore and evaluate the client's education, training, employment history, interests, talents, and personality traits, and arrange for aptitude and achievement tests to assist in making career decisions (U.S. Dept. Labor, 2005). Marriage and family counselors are trained to support individuals, significant partners, family groups, couples, or organizations to resolve emotional and psychological conflicts. They work toward altering people's perceptions and behaviors, enhancing communication and understanding among all family members, and helping to prevent family and individual crises. Depending on their specific concerns, individuals who have mental or physical disabilities may see any of these counselors for support or else respectively mental health and rehabilitation counselors. Mental health counselors work with individuals, families, and groups to analyze, address and treat mental and emotional disorders and to promote optimal mental health. They are trained in a variety of therapeutic techniques required to address a broad range of concerns such as depression, addiction and substance abuse, suicidal thoughts, stress management, self-esteem issues, ageism, occupational problems, educational decisions, and relationship problems. Mental health counselors often work closely with other mental health specialists, such as psychiatrists, psychologists, clinical social workers, psychiatric nurses, and school counselors (U.S. Dept. of Labor, 2005). Rehabilitation counselors support people who must cope with the personal, social, and vocational effects of disabilities. They counsel disabled individuals who are coping with birth defects, illness or disease, accidents, or daily stress. They evaluate the strengths and challenges of these individuals, offer specialized and vocational counseling, and arrange for medical care, training, and job placement. Rehabilitation counselors meet both with disabled individuals as well as their families, evaluate school and medical reports and make suggestions, and confer and plan with physicians, psychologists, educators, occupational therapists, and employers to determine the capabilities and skills of the individual. Conferring with the client, they develop a rehabilitation program that frequently consists of training to help the person develop job skills. Rehabilitation counselors also work toward increasing the client's capacity to live independently (U.S. Dept. of Labor, 2005). The article â€Å"Vocational attainment of adults with CF: success in the face of adversity† (Burker, 2005, 22) discusses the unique needs of those suffering from Cystic Fibrosis (CF), a fatal inherited disease found in industrialized nations that affects multiple body systems but has the greatest impact on the lungs and pancreas. The article reports that despite the fact that there has been an increase in the number of working-age individuals with CF in the past two decades, research on career choice, work status and work disability of individuals with this disease has received very little attention. Information about the vocational potential for individuals with CF indicates limited expectation for vocational success. The researchers, who studied the vocational status of 183 adults with CF, provided information about this group's vocational potential. Important findings were: (1) the majority of participants were either working or in school; (2) those employed were working in professional, technical, managerial, clerical and sales occupations; (3) the jobs held varied in physical demands and strength ratings, and; (4) patients with skilled jobs were more likely to have maintained their positions than those with unskilled jobs. The researchers concluded that: these numbers are impressive given that the majority of these individuals were sick enough to be evaluated for their candidacy for lung transplant. These data suggest that, as with most people, vocation is an important part of life, and many individuals with CF go to school and achieve in careers and work despite their declining health. Rehabilitation counselors should consider people with CF as viable candidates for successful job placement. In other words, the differences between the CF and non-CF candidates in regards to vocational counseling needs may not be as different as expected. There is a greater overlap in their counseling needs. Each generation, depending on the present society and its issues, will have varying concerns. Due to the war in Iraq, increasing numbers of men and women are seeking help from counselors due to post traumatic stress syndrome. The journal report, â€Å"The prediction of levels of post traumatic stress levels by depression among veterans with disabilities† (Martz, 2005, 56), found a high correlation between this syndrome and depression. The researchers thus concluded that if a veteran with a disability shows some form of depression, then mental health professionals should also seriously consider the possibility of the simultaneous existence of post traumatic stress symptoms. Such knowledge, as found in this above study, can provide counselors with more information and understanding about their patient's psychological status. Rehabilitation counselors can utilize this information to aid in a more effective recovery. Such findings also demonstrate the importance of increased communication among various forms of counselors and the need for counselors to expand their knowledge about the changing psychological and emotional support of their patients.

Evaluation of America’s Cultural Influence on the World

Evaluation of America’s Cultural Influence on the World. Jacqueline Gargiulo LIM College Abstract Culturally and politically, America has a strong impact on the world. The works of Matthew Parris and Raja Shehadeh portray offensive behavior by the United States which has impacted younger generations of Palestine and European Countries. Where Shehadeh’s work, What We Think of America (2), indicates both an admiration and anger towards the United states, Parris’s work, It’s Time We All Signed Up for the Rest of the World Team, outlines a definitive negative towards the America and what it stands for.Both articles suggest that the United States had forced its ideals on to the rest of the world. International perception about the United States seems to be generated both by America’s power and influence as well as from within the nations themselves. Parris refers to the United States as a hegemonic power that needs reigning in where Shehadeh takes a more intimate approach and discusses a personal exchange concerning a family member’s loss of original ethnicity. There are many international voices represented in these works; both positive and negative aspects are explored.Evaluation The world has a mixed view of America. The United States is often seen as a hegemonic empire that looks to control the rest of the world. American fashion, politics, media, and ideals are captivating to younger generations of foreign countries. The works of Matthew Parris, a South African born British political journalist, and Raja Shehadeh, a Palestinian attorney and author on international and human rights and the Middle East, illustrate differing yet complementary views of America’s influence on the rest of the world.While some believe that America has a positive impact on society, others feel that America strips them of their ethnicity and value system. One negative cultural influence that America has had on Palestinians is referenced i n the paragraph by Shehadeh which reminisces about country men who leave for America and return striped of their cultural dress and their ethnic accent. Shehadeh (2002) writes, â€Å" The few who come back for brief summer visits parade up and down Main Street in their Bermudas and baseball hats, stopping at the ice cream parlour to reminisce with its proprietor in an old accent that you hardly ever hear in Ramallah today† (pg. 1). Shehadeh portrays admiration for the United States in respect to their advances in transportation and efficient roadways in Ramallah, Palestine, while at the same time discusses the destruction to the states natural beauty and heritage. This is evidenced when Raja (2002) states â€Å"Next came the need for new roads to connect them to Israel; not the old British-style meandering roads but American-style straight four-lane highways that cut through the hills that stood in the way† (pg. 92).Shehadeh (2002) continues to explain that â€Å" in the context of the Middle East conflict, roads may seem a small thing, but they have done a kind of spiritual damage. Gone is that attractive stretch of serpentine road that meandered downhill†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (pg. 92). Here, as America pushed its cultural influence upon the Middle East, geographic beauty has been lost and in its place convenience of travel has been placed. Hence, Raja Shehadeh’s overall view of America is mixed. Matthew Paris’s work can be viewed as extremist. His overall view of America and its cultural influence is negative.Parris (2003) explains, â€Å"Today there is only one hegemon, the United States of America; but there is no less a need than existed during the Cold War for a wary defensiveness towards the appetite, the pretensions, and the dreams of a great and unchallenged power. If the U. S. eagle is to be contained, collective action is needed by the smaller mammals† (pg. 94). Here, Parris is proclaiming that America is a dominating inf luence over other nations and if they are to come out from under the influence of this overarching power, they must unite or be consumed.Matthew Parris (2003) furthers his argument by writing that â€Å"As America grows more confident and its muscle and command, it will be clashing again and again, not just with old enemies but with former friends-over trade, the environment, â€Å"pre-emptive† deference, regime change, international law, extradition†¦ the list is speculative, but let us speculate. † (pg. 96) . Parris uses the example of Britain’s own Prime Minister Tony Blair, who sided with the United States instead of standing on his own two feet. Tony Blair thought the bridge could be repaired and that he might be the bridgemaker. Now, he marooned on the other side and will have to take his chances there† (Parris, 2003, pg. 97). Here, America seems to turn its back on Britain by alleviating the bridge that bound them, leaving Tony Blair and his co untry helpless. America is overconfident that they can repair the bridge when necessary, but for the mean time, make no attempts to do so. Parris also exposes America’s ambiguity over the war with Iraq. â€Å" It is, however; just possible that failure will be faced.The peace in Iraq may prove dirtier than the war, and the American people ( as distinguished from their Defense Secretary) are ambivalent about empire and squeamish about becoming other nations’ policeman†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Parris, 2003, pg. 95) Parris is trying to tell us here that the United States has stepped beyond it bounds and is now responsible to take care of Iraq citizens. He further explains that the U. S. will have more accountability for the well being of Iraq’s people because of the actions we have taken to stop the Iraq war.In conclusion, Matthew Parris is suggesting that the United States needs to be reigned in and that if this does not occur the â€Å"hegemonic power†, that is the United States will take over and become insoluble. With this, Matthew Parris’s view on America’s cultural influence on the world is overpoweringly negative. The international perception of the United States as an imposing, and influential power can be seen as either a negative or a positive. Because of its global connotation, it has become a source of analysis and scrutiny.Negatively, the United States is seen as a â€Å"hegemony† that needs taming and â€Å"caging†. Contrastingly, and on a positive note, the United States is influencing trade, transportation, economy, and education. America is influencing these factors towards other countries to try to enhance there knowledge and to further expose them to the possibilities that can be achieved by taking on the American way. One cannot view America’s positives as having no merit. There may be some form of jealousy that is masked by capitalizing on the negative power that is exerted by the United S tates. In onclusion, America’s cultural influence is primarily mixed as seen in the works of Matthew Parris’s It’s Time We All Signed Up for the Rest of the World Team, along with Raja Shehadeh’s What We Think of America (2). References: Gumery, K. , (2007) International Views: America and the Rest of the World. Glenview, Ill: Pearson Education, Inc. Parris, Matthew, (2003) â€Å"It’s time we all signed up for the rest of the world team† In Keith Gumery (Ed. ), International Views (pg. 94-97). New York: Pearson Longman Shehadeh, Raja, (2002) â€Å"What we think of America (2)† In Keith Gumery (Ed. ), International Views (pg. 90-93). New York: Pearson Longman

Alternative Energy Sources Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Alternative Energy Sources - Essay Example 74-75). In the result, there has been significant increment in researches related to the advancements of alternative energy sources and their impact on different aspects of human life (Simon, pp. 19-22). In specific, it is observation that until now, researchers (EIA, pp. 11-15) have focused primarily on the impact of alternative sources on business environment or global economies. However, the proposed research will go into a micro perspective while emphasizing on the impact of one of the alternative sources on the lives of average American people, and the effectiveness of such source in terms of its prices as compared to existing available sources. From this aspect, the proposed research will focus on the following research statement: Studies have shown that fossil fuels are playing a leading role in fulfilling majority of the energy’s requirements on global level. In specific, it fulfills more than seventy percent of the world’s energy demand (Ahmed & Anderson, pp. 240). However, analysis (Solarbuzz, 2009) has indicated that alternative energy sources are now heading toward competing with the fossil fuels in the form of solar, hydropower, nuclear, hydrogen fuel, ethanol, etc (World Bank, pp. 1-5). One of the major factors of increment in the demand of alternative energy sources is rapid reduction in fossil fuels. For instance, countries are now putting efforts to use solar energy sources to reduce the expensive costs related to the usage of fossil fuels, especially, oil that is an expensive energy source, as compared to the solar energy sources. In the United States, the government is currently depending on fossil fuels to fulfill more than eighty-five percent of its demand of energy; however, alternative energy sources are contributing to only ten percent of the requirement, and solar energy only five percent (SEA, 2007). Thus, it has now become very imperative to

Affect of Global Trends on Leadership at McDonalds and the Fast Food Research Paper - 2

Affect of Global Trends on Leadership at McDonalds and the Fast Food Industry - Research Paper Example The US-based retail store, McDonald’s has made its entrance in the foreign markets for expanding its market in fast food globally. It has 30,000 restaurants in at least 119 countries with a serving capacity to near about 50 million on a daily basis. It has been leading in the global market with its renowned and valuable brand. They focus on high-quality customer service in order to earn trust from their stakeholders (Centre for Responsible Business, 2005). Fast food has a great demand in the global world. It has a great influence on our lifestyle and culture. According to ‘US Fast Food Market Outlook 2010’, the trend of fast food is growing; as a result, it leads to the development of overall restaurant industry. The US fast food industry is growing dynamically despite being struck by the economic turmoil. Fast food has a detrimental effect on the health of the people especially children and the younger generation. (PRLog, 2009). Obesity is growing globally and is causing health problems among every generation. It has been observed that the percentage of obesity is rising among the young children and as a result, it brings risk to their health. In this present world, fast food is growing rapidly for its cheap price level and easy availability. But they contain the high percentage of salt, fats or sugars. When it becomes a part of a daily lifestyle, then it certainly increases the chance of obesity (Currie & Et. Al., 2009). People suffering from overweight along with obesity have increased considerably in the United States. Obesity has nowadays turned out to be a disease of epidemic proportions. Due to the fact that maximum people are obese, it can be estimated that in the United States 1 out of 3 people is obese. Excessive fast-food accessibility results in obesity and overweight. According to the Center for Disease Control (CDC), approximately 64% of the U.S adults and 15% of children and  youngsters are overweight.  

Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Term Paper Example According to him, to understand this sector completely one must consider to analyze following points like economic factors, industry trend, and competitive sources (Diechart et al). This paper is based on the marketing strategies of these two giants along with the discussion on several economic parameters like demand theory, opportunity cost, preferred completion. The paper also gives a historic overview of the companies, their financial performance and also a suggestion part that can be helpful for these two organizations to be more competitive. Analysis Methodology The study is about the market dominance of both the company in terms of different economical parameter. The findings are based on various article and financial report published in different magazines, news, and financial report of both the companies and a comparison between these two companies marketing strategy. The main two questions we are trying to answer are as follows: 1. Comparative analysis of marketing strategy of Coca-Cola and Pepsi. 2. Analysis of two companies in different micro-economic perspective. For marketing strategy review and the effect of the same on these two companies the main source of informationis company’s annual report, different article related to company’s marketing strategies over the year and the style of branding and promotion. For economic perspective, various economical factors are analyzed based on available secondary data sources. Coke and Pepsi: Past and Present position in the Market. There were three different factorsassociated with the market performance of these two companies. According to Data Monitor, these were market size, growth rate and overall profitability. Among no-alcoholic drinks soft-drinks have the overall market share of 46.8%. The total market value of the soft drinks industry was $307.2 billion in 2002 and as per their report was expected to reach around $367billion by 2009. Although along with this strong forecast, Data Monito r also predicted that there will be a slight decline in the soft drinks market due to market price. This was due to increase in the other non-alcoholic industry like tea and coffee (11.8%) and water (9.3%). According to Diechart et al, despite of solid profit margins the declaration in the soft drinks market was due to market saturation especially in USA. According to him, to increase the profitability the soft drinks company needed the product diversification to reach out more number of people. According to Murray’s report Coca Cola enjoyed maximum market share of around 50% followed by Pepsi (21%). The Coca Cola were having more diversified soft drinks offering for the client like Coca-Cola, Diet Coke, Fanta, Sprite etc and they were engaged in over 200 nations (Diechart et al). Pepsi have brands like Pepsi, Dew, and Slice etc (Diechart). According to thereport published in the Bangkok Post Coke sales was grown by 32% in 2012, which was highest in last 10 years. The markets hare of coke again rose to 50% whereas Pepsi falling to 15% (Bangkok Post). Marketing Strategy: Coca Cola: The main aim of Coca Cola is to refresh the world, to inspire moments of optimism and happiness and to create value and make a difference in customer mind. To fulfill their mission 5 broad steps were taken by the marketing team of

Business Disaster Recovery Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business Disaster Recovery - Essay Example The topic of the research has also been recognized by the researchers and social scientist as an important issue for the business so there was lot of literature present at different resources around the topic that cover the topic from different aspects. In this situation it was one of the major concerns to select and review the material that is not only relevant but also useful for the dissertation. Having too much choices in front often creates confusions and a big worry was to overcome this confusion that what to take for the review and what not. In the same way the selection of the company for the case study was also not a simple decision because there are many company that have faced disasters at some time and they have also make their plans for the recovery. Some of them were successful in restoring their losses and some of them were failed so it was a difficult decision to select the company. Moreover it was decided to conduct an in-depth interview of personnel of the selected company so there were also concerns about the matter that weather any of the personnel will allow due time for interview and weather the results or findings of the interviews will be fruitful for the research or not. The present work is done while utilizing all the best possible sources and abilities and if there is another chance got to do the same work again then there much be review of the work previously done to find out the mistakes and flaws so that in the next attempt all the flaws can be removed.

Do we need American hegemony in the global economic system to build Essay

Do we need American hegemony in the global economic system to build and maintain the liberal global capitalist economic order - Essay Example What is more relevant to this essay, though, is the mode and manner in which this grand transformation in global economics was brought about. It was not as if those different regimes across the world saw the merits of neo-liberal capitalism and assented to join in the party. The truth is much more complex and far less pretty that what propaganda has projected. It is reasonable to say that American military might had been the primary factor in bringing about this transformation. Either the threat of the forceful action or direct military involvement has been a coercive factor in the global economic order (the ongoing occupation of Iraq is a prominent recent example). There is also the interests of regional elites, who saw the benefits of aligning with the mighty at the cost of disregarding democratic considerations. Now into its fourth decade, neo-liberal capitalism seems to have strongly entrenched, and it is difficult to see how its march could be stopped. It is in this context that the topic question of this essay has to be pondered upon. The essay topic can be broken down into two components. First, we need to ask if neo-liberal

Modern finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Modern finance - Essay Example (Campbell, 2008). Apparently, the current crisis may be attributed to the subprime lending made by the different financial institutions. However, at the core of it is a whole plethora of different variables which are not only correlated with each other but also created a combined effect on different macroeconomic variables too. The failure of financial institutions to regularly check in their appetite for taking more risk not only resulted into the current credit crunch but also indicated the degree of the regulatory control over such institutions to discipline their behavior. Northern Rock is such a financial institution in UK which required intervention from the government because of its apparent failure to sustain the losses incurred due to subprime mortgage episode. In this research study, the current credit crunch will be discussed with special focus on Northern Rock as a firm requiring official intervention. The credit crunch started to emerge during 2007 when in US, especially financial institutions started to witness defaults on payments of subprime mortgages. Subprime borrowers are termed as those borrowers are who have relatively high risk due to their past credit history. Therefore, under normal banking rules and practices, lending to such borrowers are riskier as in comparison to other borrowers. It is because of this reason that such borrowers are categorized as subprime and are charged relatively higher rates on the lending made to them. Historically, banks were more conservative in their lending practices and avoided to lend to such borrowers who lacked the capability to repay. However, with the innovation in the financial markets corroborated by liberalization of financial markets allowed financial institutions to innovate and roll out products which carried relatively high risk. This phenomenon was further aggravated with the globalization of the financial markets