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Friday, December 27, 2019

Essay about The United States and The International...

The International Criminal Court (ICC), created in 1998 (Thayer and Ibryamova 2010), is responsible for investigating and prosecuting the most extreme cases, including crimes against humanity, aggressive crimes, war crimes, and genocide. The credibility of this institution, however, has been compromised due to the United States revocation of support and membership. Initially it is important to recognize the arguments against the United States becoming a member state of the ICC and what precipitated the U.S. withdrawing its signature from the document that instituted the Court. Once this has been established, addressing and refuting these objections will develop the arguments in favor of ICC membership. Finally, this analysis will lead to†¦show more content†¦In response, the U.S. has adopted the American Service Members Protection Act (ASMPA) and Article 98. Both are meant to prevent United States citizens from being subjected to ICC regulations; the result is a confusing m essage implying that citizens of the US are exempt from the same laws and standards as are expected from the remaining world population. Legislation like the ASMPA and Article 98 has further deteriorated the image of the US in the international community (Elsea 2002). The United States’ decision to not join the ICC is largely contested today; however, many may be unaware that though its role is currently vehemently debated, the United States was once instrumental in the creation of the Court. Even prior to World War I, the United States was a proponent of international courts, as well as was the creator of many standards of global law now incorporated into the Rome Statute that created the International Criminal Court. Among these contributions are, â€Å"Inclusion in the jurisdiction of the Court of crimes committed during internal armed conflicts, and the drafting of a supplemental code explaining the precise actions and intent that must be proved for each of the crimes in the Statute†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (AMICCShow MoreRelatedThe International Criminal Court Of The United States1433 Words   |  6 PagesThe International Criminal Court try to not to have history repeat itself The International Criminal Court also known as the (ICC) are a group of judges who investigates and prosecutes individuals that are guilty of crimes such as genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity and only intervenes when a state cannot intervene or is unwilling to intervene or is an international concern (Understanding the International Criminal Court). Many inhumane corruptions were committed in the past such asRead More The United States and the International Criminal Court (ICC)3556 Words   |  15 PagesThe United States and the International Criminal Court (ICC) Statement of Purpose This paper will clearly lay out the Unites States concerns with the International Criminal Court and will attempt to resolve them. I will then argue that no country has the right to be above international law, including the United States and that it is in the best interest of America and the world community for the united states to join the efforts of the ICC and sign the Rome Statute. Introduction to the ICC Read MoreRough Justice : Battle For Fix The World, One Prosecution At A Time By David Bosco1134 Words   |  5 Pagesthe establishment of the international court and how years after its formation the powerful nations do not cooperate with it. Powerful nations such as the United States and Russia do not support the activities of International Criminal Court (ICC) and thus leaving its mandate to the poor African Nations. The book was chosen because it touches on one of the subjects of international law. The ICC is part of United Nations that deals with the violators of the international law: it helps to provide anRead MoreThe War Of The World War II1730 Words   |  7 Pages A war crime is an act that constitutes a serious violation of the law of war that gives rise to individual criminal responsibility. Examples of war crimes include intentionally killing civilians or prisoners, torture, destroying civilian property, taking hostages, perfidy, rape, soldiers, pillaging, declaring that no quarter will be given, and using weapons that cause superfluous injury or unnecessary suffering. The concept of war crimes began to emerge during the end of the 19th century andRead MoreInternational Criminal Court Unfair Towards African Nations Vis A Vis Western Nations? Essay1446 Words   |  6 PagesIs the International Criminal Court unfair towards African Nations vis-à  -vis Western Nations? On October 12, 2016, the parliament of Burundi, a country located in the Eastern part of Africa voted to withdraw from the International Criminal Court (ICC) with a vote of 94 to 2. Weeks earlier, Gambia and South Africa announced their intention to withdraw from the ICC, and this wave of action by these three African nations has paved the way for other African nations to reassess if they wanted to stillRead MoreAfrican Countries Case Study719 Words   |  3 Pagesprevious examples used of court cases that all of them involve African Nations. The ICC has been criticized for focusing solely on African countries (Cruvellier). Until 2016, the ICC was only seriously investigating crimes committed in African nations (Cruvellier). The ICC claims this is because, in their mandate, it states they must investigate the â€Å"gravest† of crimes, however, surely not all of the worst crimes are committed in African nations (International Criminal Court). Since the time that theRead MoreIn ternational Laws Should Allow Bounty Hunters1137 Words   |  5 Pageswar beyond the legal limits set by international law or kill civilians are war criminals. One of the problems that concern political leaders around the world is the development of a process to capture and try a war criminal that is legally agreeable and affordable (Marvasti). Some countries refuse to participate with the International Criminal Court and tend to hide war criminals (Kramer). Furthermore, there are countries that are sympathetic to war criminals and grant them asylum (Haskew). TheseRead MoreThe International Criminal Court Is Governed By The Rome Statute1175 Words   |  5 Pages The International Criminal Court, also commonly known by its acronym ICC, is governed by the Rome Statute, which provides the legal basis for a permanent ICC. This court is independently responsible for trying individual’s accused of what they consider to be the gravest crimes to international concern. It considers four types of crimes: genocide, crimes against humanity, crimes of aggression and war crimes. Although anyone can bring a case to the ICC, this court acts as a final resort for whenRead MoreThe Budget For The Budget Of The International Criminal Court1157 Words   |  5 Pages The budget for the Court, according to the International Criminal Court website, is currently $141.6 million, as of 2017. If the increase of the budget is brought on by America, China, Russia, and many other states that are not currently ratified or signed with the treaty, than the current jurisdiction could be increased. Currently, as of 2017, the Court has 31 arrest warrants issued. To these 31, around 15 of the criminals for the arrest warrants are seen to be remaining at large; the currentRead MoreThe Long Arm Of International Law1145 Words   |  5 Pagesinformation. Pierre Leval, who is a judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, wrote the article, â€Å"The Long Arm of International Law† (2011). Leval was born in New York and received his bachelor’s degree in 1959 from Harvard (2011). Shortly after, in 1963, he earned his first professional doctorate degree as a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School(2011). After his nomination by President Bill Clinton in 1993, Leval joined the court (2011). Prior to this, he served on the Southern

Thursday, December 19, 2019

Essay History Of The ECCE Sector In Ireland - 4049 Words

History of the ECCE sector in Ireland. Early care and education practice. 8th January 2015. Table of contents. Introduction. History of ECEC in Ireland. Free pre-school year programme. UN convention on the rights of the child (1989). Pre-school regulations. ECEC services currently available in Ireland. Occupations within the childcare sector. Childcare manager. A career plan. Challenges to achieving goals. Education and training needs. Bibliography. Introduction. In this assignment I will outline and discuss the Historical Development of the ECEC sector in Ireland. ECEC is the Early Childhood Education and Care division in Ireland. I will give a clear explanation of the rights of a child in the†¦show more content†¦Quality of provision was the key theme of the White Paper. In 2002 the Centre for Early Childhood Development and Education was established. CECDE aimed to achieve the goals set out in the ready to learn (1999). The organisation was disbanded in 2008, when it was seen by the government to have achieved everything it was set up to do. The Child Care (Pre-School) regulations were established in 2006. The regulations clearly list all the requirements that must be met by organisations or individuals providing ECEC services to children aged 0-6. Sà ­olta was established in 2006. The Sà ­olta framework was developed by CECDE in a process that took over three years and involved more than 50 different organisations representing childcare workers, teachers, parents, policymakers and researchers. Sà ­olta aims to define, asses and support the improvement of quality across all aspects of practice in ECEC settings that cater for children ages 0-6. Aistear was established in 2009. In 1999, the NCCA published the Primary School Curriculum, which did direct and regulate the curriculum followed in infant classes. In 2009, the NCCA published Aistear. The ultimate aim of Aistear is the development of the whole child. Free Pre-School Year Programme. In 2010, the Department of Children and Youth Affairs introduced the Free Pre-School Year in Early Childhood Care and Education Programme. Before this, it was only children in disadvantaged areasShow MoreRelatedHistory of the ECCE Sector in Ireland3332 Words   |  14 Pageshistorical development of the ECCE sector in Ireland up to and including the present day. * Historical development of the early childhood care and education * Current ECCE provision by the state * Health and welfare * Equal opportunity legislation * Outline maintaining a quality ECCE environment that complies with relevant regulations and standards Main body Historical development of the early childhood care and education In the last 20 years Ireland has had a dramatic changeRead MoreThe History and Development of the ECCE in Ireland2083 Words   |  9 PagesA, The History and development of the ECCE in Ireland The environments in which our youngest children live, grow and play have changed dramatically over the past century. For the best part of the twentieth century, young children were cared for in the family home and went to school sometime after the age of three. For much of that time, Irish society was largely agrarian based and children worked on the farm; work which had economic value to the family. Families were large, twice as large on average

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Competitive Advantage of Nations Performance †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Competitive Advantage of Nations Performance. Answer: Introduction Tim Hortons is a Canadian multinational fast food restaurant which is present across 9 countries. The restaurant chain is renowned for its sundry range of coffee and doughnuts. The company was founded by hockey players Tim Horton and Jim Charade and is today Canadas largest quick service restaurant. Tim Hortons was founded in 1964 and since then has created a significant mark in the fast food industry. This report highlights upon the brands expansion to the Indian Subcontinent which is a crucial aspect of the companys geographical expansion in the coming years. India is one of the largest countries of the Asian subcontinent. It has a mammoth population of over 1.32billion with an average age of 29. India is a developing economy and hence a grand market for Tim Hortons expansion. India ranks 100 in the ease of doing business index released by the World Bank (World Bank, 2018). India has been the expansion ground for various fast food chains from across the globe. The country has already accepted Burger King which is the owner of Tim Hortons. The large population of the country will also provide the brand with a relatively cheaper labor force. India is predominantly a Hindu dominated market and hence a majority of general public is vegetarian in their food choices. People of India do not have as high a disposable income as that of people in Canada. Target Market Target market for Tim Hortons includes youth between the ages of 15 to 35. College going students can also be targeted by the brand by offering quick ready to eat snacks and coffee to go. Office going crowd of the country can also benefit from the quick service of the brand. Families with children can also create an optimistic target market for the brand owing to their assorted variety of doughnuts offered. There are various coffee shops in India which have already captured a large percentage of the fast food market. Leading competitors that the brand would have to face upon entry in India include: McDonalds Caf Coffee Day Dunkin Doughnuts O.D. (Mad Over Doughnuts). Costa Coffee. Recently entered Starbucks. Coffee by Di Bella These brands have already been accepted in India mostly spreading across the metropolitan cities of the country including Mumbai, New Delhi, Bangalore, Pune, Chennai, Kolkata, Jaipur and Hyderabad. Therefore in order to differentiate from these competitors, it is imperative for the brand to work towards gaining a competitive advantage against these firms. However, the only advantage is that owing to the large population and the growing fast food culture, there is enough market for many brands to sustain in the country. In order to sustain in any given market, it is imperative that brands work towards establishing a competitive advantage against their existing or potential competitors (Porter, 2011). This competitive advantage can be in the form of unique offerings, differentiated promotions or strategic pricing. Tim Hortons has adopted a market penetration pricing strategy. This strategy requires organizations to price their products relatively lower in order to gain a competitive advantage (Armstrong et. al., 2015). This strategy adopted by Tim Hortons is sure to help the brand in gaining an advantage over its Indian Competitors. Entry strategy Geographical expansion in International boundaries requires brands to carefully select an appropriate entry strategy. An entry strategy creatively defines how a particular brand would enter a new international market. The entry strategy recommended to Tim Hortons to enter the Indian market would be Joint Venture. Joint ventures requires a brand that needs to enter to a new market to join hands with an existing brand in the new location (Killing, 2013). This allows both the brands to carefully and creatively work together. The existing brand has sufficient knowledge and the advantage of experience of working in the same country for a long time. On the other hand, aligning with a new brand helps the existing brand to expand its product line and develop its target market. For Tim Hortons to be truly successful in capturing the Indian market, it is crucial that the brand initiates its outlets in metropolitan cities of the country. Mumbai, Capital New Delhi, Kolkata, Pune, Bangalore, Jaipur and Hyderabad are lucrative locations for the brand to initiate its expansion process. All these cities offer a huge target market for the brand and the demand for fast food already exists. It is also important the brand inaugurates outlets in commercial parts of the cities including but not limited to malls, large office complexes, airports and city centers. This would attract more attention and hence will lead to improved footfall. Reliance Industries is a leading group of industries in India founded by entrepreneur Dhirubhai Ambani. The group of industries has businesses across different industries ranging across retail, manufacturing, solar energy, telecommunications, life sciences and media. Tim Hortons could get into a joint venture with the reliance industries. This conjunction would have various advantages for Tim Hortons. The biggest advantage being the backing of a strong brand name that is reliance industries. Association with such a strong brand automatically establishes trust in the minds of people. Reliance industries also believes in market penetration pricing strategy which is currently adopted by Tim Hortons. Botht the brands are highly ethical companies and have been well known for their quality offerings and satisfied customers. Therefore, the similar value set of both the brands would take the venture to a smooth conjecture. Both the brands can also take advantage of each others promotional strategies. Upon joining hands with Tim Hortons Reliance industries would make consistent efforts of including the brand in all its promotions. This is where the large reach of Reliance will be beneficial for Tim Hortons. Conclusion In order for Tim Hortons to expand into the Indian market, the following strategies would be recommended: Introduction of healthier option in the food menu including gluten free and vegan for health conscious customers. The food menu must be vegetarian dominated as the country has 80% Hindus who practice vegetarianism by religion. For delivery the brand must tie up with leading food delivery applications like Swiggy, Zomato, Foodpanda and Uber Eats. Creative innovation through join promotions with Reliance, Billboards and Television Ads must be designed to seek attention of customers before entering the market. Social media market must be used as a lucrative tool to reach out to customers. Social media marketing refers to any kind of promotions conducted through social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat and Pinterest (Tuten Solomon, 2017). Conclusion Tim Hortons is a leading fast food chain that is currently dominating the Canadian market. Further geographical expansion is the need of the hour. For the same, India is a perfect market. The countrys massive population, increasing youth, elevating fast food trends and enhanced ease of doing business are major benefits for Tim Hortons. As a brand, Tim Hortons must join hands with Reliance industries and focus upon differentiating itself through price penetration strategy and innovative marketing strategies. Effective marketing tactics and strategic targeting by Time Hortons would ensure successful entry and large scale acceptance in the Indian market. References Armstrong, G., Kotler, P., Harker, M., Brennan, R. (2015).Marketing: an introduction. Pearson Education. Killing, P. (2013).Strategies for joint venture success (RLE international business). Routledge. United Kingdom. Porter, M. E. (2011).Competitive advantage of nations: creating and sustaining superior performance(Vol. 2). Simon and Schuster. Tuten, T. L., Solomon, M. R. (2017).Social media marketing. Sage. United Kingdom. World Bank, (2018), Ease of doing business index, Accessed from https://www.doingbusiness.org/data/exploreeconomies/india, retrieved on 17 April, 2018.

Tuesday, December 3, 2019

Social Trends In Art Essays - Painting, Art History, Art Movements

Social Trends In Art Art is something which can be analyzed to give deeper insight as to the common values and beliefs shared by the members of a certain society. Regardless of the place of origin or the time period of a form of art, it will always be a reflection of the social structure in which it's creator/s lived. However, the way the artist perceives the culture common to his time period is very relative. People pertaining to a higher social class had different values and ideologies than members of a lower class. This different view of life can be seen very clearly in individual forms of art such as painting and music. These specific forms of artistic expression required very little money, thus could be exercised by anyone including members of a lower class. Other forms of art such as architecture and sculpture required more money and in most cases wealthy patrons such as kings or queens. Architecture also required large numbers of workers which often made it hard to see any individual influence in the design, however showed the collective ideology of all of the people involved. The cost of labor and materials was also so great that very affluent members of society were needed to financially support the whole process. Sculpture was also an artistry that required great amounts of material and labor. This resulted in a more normative form of art which portrayed societal aspects in a way that was of interest to the financial backers. By studying both popular and normative art together it is possible to obtain a greater perspective on a specific culture. Outside influences from other countries can also affect the art and the artists of a certain society. As a country sees more and more immigrants from a certain area, the art will begin to reflect the ideologies these outsiders bring in with them. This same change can be seen more drastically in the case of an invasion. The architecture would change drastically, since it is normative art and the new rulers would enforce their own norms and rules. The painting would also change, however less drastically than more official forms of art. This more gradual change could be attributed to the individuals of the country who still retained the old values and customs. These same influences on art would take place if nobility of another country married into the royal family, and was then given heir to the throne. The change would be just as drastic, but departure from old ideologies would be encouraged instead of enforced. In the case of Arab influence in Spain during the eighth century, it was not an invasion rather a gradual settling of this other culture in Spain's borders. The change was brought about by the affect this outside influence had on the people of Spain. The new ideas and forms of artistic expression were exciting and intriguing to Spaniards, and eventually they adopted these ideas as their own. The change was seen in all forms of art, especially in the new arches and vivid colors used in Arabic architecture. Any time a new way of life makes itself present in a society, it has an affect on the art. Usually this change is seen mostly in architecture and sculpture, while painting follows behind. The two cultures can also mix together and give rise to a new form of hybrid artistic expression. This mixing of ideas and beliefs is usually most evident in places were the people are trying to choose between the new popular culture, and the old beliefs and values of the country. Painting of a certain society can be analyzed either technically or with the purpose of discovering its meaning. It's the second which should be used in order to give a better idea of the philosophies of a certain group of people. The background of the painting is always very important when studying a painting. The landscape or buildings behind the main focus of the painting can give an idea of where the artist is from. Many times the artist will use a background which doesn't pertain to the actual painting to show loyalty to his place of birth. This occurred mostly with painters who moved from their home country to live elsewhere and ended up painting in the same style as the other artists in his new country. If the background is painted in a very refined way and contains very elegant features than it can be deduced that the society at that time gave